RAJA DAN RATU DI DUNIA

OTHER RULERS DURING TUDOR TIMES

Popes 1484-1492 Innocent VIII (Giambattista Cibo) 1492-1503 Alexander VI (Roderigo Borgia) 1503-1503 (Sep-Oct.) Pius III (Francesco Todeschini) 1503-1513 Julius II (Giulio della Rovere) 1513-1521 Leo X (Giovanni De' Medici) 1522-1523 Adrian VI (Adrian of Utrecht) 1523-1534 Clement VII (Giulio De' Medici) 1534-1549 Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) 1550-1555 Julius III (Giovanni del Monte) 1555-1556 Marcellus II (Marcello Cervini) 1556-1559 Paul IV (Pietro Caraffa) 1559-1565 Pius IV (Gian-Angelo De' Medici) 1565-1572 Pius V (Michele Ghislieri) 1572-1585 Gregory XIII (Ugo Buoncompagno) 1586-1590 Sixtus V (Felix Peretti) 1590-1590 Urban VIII (Giambattista Castagna) 1590-1591 Gregory XIV (Niccolo Sfondrato) 1591-1591 Innocent IX (Gian-Antonio Fachinetto) 1592-1605 Clement VIII (Ippolito Aldobrandini)

Holy Roman Emperors 1440-1493 Frederick III of Habsburg 1493-1519 Maximilian I 1519-1556 Carlos V 1556-1564 Ferdinand I (brother of Charles V) 1564-1576 Maximilian II (son of Ferdinand I) 1576-1612 Rudolf II	Emperors of Japan 1465-1500 Gotsuchimikado 1500-1526 Gokashiwabara 1526-1557 Gonara 1557-1586 Ogimachi 1586-1611 Goyozei	Kings of Denmark and Norway 1481-1513 John I (Hans) 1513-1523 Christian II 1523-1533 Frederick I 1533-1559 Christian III 1559-1588 Frederick II 1588-1648 Christian IV
Kings of France 1483-1498 Charles VIII 1498-1515 Louis XII 1515-1547 Francois I 1547-1559 Henri II 1559-1560 Francois II 1560-1574 Charles IX (Catherine De Medici regent) 1574-1589 Henri III (Catherine De Medici regent) 1589-1610 Henri IV	Kings of Hungary 1458-1490 Matthias Corvinus the Just (Igazságos Mátyás) 1490-1516 Laszlo II Jagellon(also King of Bohemia) 1516–1526 Louis II Jagellon(also King of Bohemia) 1526-1564 Ferdinand I (also Holy Roman Emperor) 1526-1540 Janos Zápolya (alternatively spelled as Szapolyai.) 1540-1571 Janos II Sigismund Zápolya (Prince of Transylvania) Hungary was effectively split into 3 parts: a Habsburg domain in the north and west, Ottoman domain in the center, and the Ottoman satellite Transylvania in the east after 1562. 1564-1576 Maximilian II 1576-1612 Rudolf II	Kings of Poland 1447-1492 Casimir IV Jagellon 1492-1501 Jan I Albert Jagellon 1501-1506 Alexander I Jagellon 1506- 1548 Sigismund "the Old" Jagellon 1548-1572 Sigismund II August Jagellon 1572-1574 Henri De Valois (after Henri II of France) 1575-1586 Stephen Bathory 1586-1632 Sigismund Vasa (also King of Sweden) 1632-1648 Vladislav III Vasa
Kings of Portugal 1481-1495 Joao II 1495-1521 Manuel I 1521-1557 Joao III 1557-1578 Sebastian 1578-1580 Enrique 1580-1580 Antonio under Spanish domination from 1580-1640	Kings and Queens of Scotland 1460-1488 James III 1488-1513 James IV 1513-1542 James V 1542-1567 Mary I (Marie De Guise regent) 1567-1625 James VI (James I of England 1603-1625)	Kings and Queens of Spain (this one is complicated by the various regional titles in Spain) 1479-1504 Isabel of Castile (w/ Fernando of Aragon) 1479-1516 Fernando of Aragon (united Spain w/marriage to Isabel) 1516-1556 Carlos I of Spain (later Carlos V, Holy Roman Emperor) 1556-1598 Felipe II 1598-1621 Felipe III

Kings of Sweden 1470-1497 Sten Sture the Elder (regent) 1497-1501 John II of Denmark (Hans) 1501-1503 Sten Sture (regent) 1503-1512 Svante Nilsson Sture (regent) 1512-1520 Sten Sture the Younger (regent) 1520-1521 Christian II (also King of Norway and Denmark) 1521-1523 Gustavus Eriksson Vasa (regent) 1523-1560 Gustavus I 1560-1568 Eric XVI 1568-1592 John III 1592-1599 Sigismund Vasa 1599-1604 Carl IX (regent)	Sovreigns of the Dutch Republic 1579-1584 William I of Orange (known as William the Silent) 1584-1625 Maurice I of Orange	Tsars of Russia ???? - 1505 Ivan III 1505-1533 Basil III 1533-1584 Ivan IV ("The Terrible") 1584-1598 Theodore I 1598-1605 Boris Godunov
Dukes of Bavaria 1503–1508 Albretch IV 1508–1550 Wilhelm IV 1516–1545 Louis X jointly held with Wilhelm IV 1550–1579 Albretch V 1579-1597 Wilhelm V 1597-1623 Maximilian I	Dukes of Lorraine 1473-1508 René II 1508-1544 Anthony 1544-1545 Francois I 1545-1608 Charles III	Dukes and Electors of Saxony Ernestine Electors of Saxony 1464-1486 Ernest 1486-1525 Frederick III, the Wise 1525-1532 Johan, the Steadfast 1532-1547 Johan Frederick Albertine Dukes of Saxony 1486-1500 Albert Wettin, the Bold 1500-1539 George Wettin 1539-1541 Henry IV Wettin 1541-1547 Maurice (elector in 1547) In 1547, following Emperor Carlos V's victory at the Battle of Mühlberg, Wittenberg and the Electoral dignity passed to the Albertine line. The Ernestine line continued to rule in southern Thuringian, but their lands eventually split up into many different tiny duchies, of which Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe-Meiningen, and Saxe-Altenburg lasted until 1918. This article does not list the subsequent Ernestine dukes. Albertine Electors of Saxony 1547-1553 Maurice 1553-1586 Augustus 1586-1591 Christian I 1591-1611 Christian II
Electors of Brandenburg 1470-1486 Albert III Achilles 1486-1499 John Cicero 1499-1535 Joachim I Nestor 1535-1571 Joachim II Hector 1571-1598 John George 1598-1608 Joachim Frederick	Regents of the Netherlands/ Low Countries 1506-1507 Guillaume de Croy, Marquis d'Aerschot 1517-1530 Margaret of Austria 1531-1540 Mary of Hungary 1559-1567 Margaret of Parma 1567-1573 Fernando Alvarez De Toledo, Duke of Alba 1573-1576 Luis de Requesens y Zuñiga 1576-1578 Don Juan of Austria 1578-1581 Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza In 1581 the United Provinces declared themselves independent of Spain. Spanish Netherlands 1581-1592 Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza 1592-1594 Count Peter Ernst von Mansfeld 1594-1595 Archduke Ernest of Austria 1595-1596 Pedro Enríquez de Acevedo, Count of Fuentes 1596-1598 Archduke Albert of Austria 1598-1621 Archduke Albert of Austria and Infanta Isabella of Spain

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